You have gigabit network adapters and your speed is not as expected?
This could be because of many reasons but sometimes the reason is as simple as MTU.
Below is speed test with MTU 1500 vs. MTU 9000:
Gigabit with mtu 1500 - 300Mbits/sec average:
root@uranus:~# iperf -c 192.168.99.12 -B 192.168.99.10 -i 1 -t 10 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.99.12, TCP port 5001 Binding to local address 192.168.99.10 TCP window size: 96.7 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 192.168.99.10 port 5001 connected with 192.168.99.12 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0- 1.0 sec 19.8 MBytes 166 Mbits/sec [ 3] 1.0- 2.0 sec 37.8 MBytes 317 Mbits/sec [ 3] 2.0- 3.0 sec 33.9 MBytes 284 Mbits/sec [ 3] 3.0- 4.0 sec 36.8 MBytes 308 Mbits/sec [ 3] 4.0- 5.0 sec 40.6 MBytes 341 Mbits/sec [ 3] 5.0- 6.0 sec 42.1 MBytes 353 Mbits/sec [ 3] 6.0- 7.0 sec 45.9 MBytes 385 Mbits/sec [ 3] 7.0- 8.0 sec 27.9 MBytes 234 Mbits/sec [ 3] 8.0- 9.0 sec 38.6 MBytes 324 Mbits/sec [ 3] 9.0-10.0 sec 43.4 MBytes 364 Mbits/sec [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 367 MBytes 307 Mbits/sec
Gigabit with mtu 9000 - 1.20 Gbits/sec average:
root@uranus:~# iperf -c 192.168.99.12 -B 192.168.99.10 -i 1 -t 10 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.99.12, TCP port 5001 Binding to local address 192.168.99.10 TCP window size: 96.7 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 192.168.99.10 port 52430 connected with 192.168.99.12 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0- 1.0 sec 144 MBytes 1.20 Gbits/sec [ 3] 1.0- 2.0 sec 151 MBytes 1.27 Gbits/sec [ 3] 2.0- 3.0 sec 153 MBytes 1.28 Gbits/sec [ 3] 3.0- 4.0 sec 163 MBytes 1.37 Gbits/sec [ 3] 4.0- 5.0 sec 152 MBytes 1.27 Gbits/sec [ 3] 5.0- 6.0 sec 148 MBytes 1.24 Gbits/sec [ 3] 6.0- 7.0 sec 150 MBytes 1.25 Gbits/sec [ 3] 7.0- 8.0 sec 160 MBytes 1.34 Gbits/sec [ 3] 8.0- 9.0 sec 152 MBytes 1.28 Gbits/sec [ 3] 9.0-10.0 sec 147 MBytes 1.23 Gbits/sec [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 1.48 GBytes 1.27 Gbits/sec
See the difference? :)
How to list the available disks:
[root@sun] ~# camcontrol devlist <VBOX HARDDISK 1.0> at scbus0 target 0 lun 0 (da0,pass0) <VBOX HARDDISK 1.0> at scbus0 target 1 lun 0 (da1,pass1) <VBOX HARDDISK 1.0> at scbus1 target 0 lun 0 (ada0,pass2) <VBOX CD-ROM 1.0> at scbus2 target 0 lun 0 (cd0,pass3)
How to display the size of ZFS volume, available space and mount point (df style):
[root@sun] ~# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT DataPool0 928G 158G 770G 17% 1.00x ONLINE /mnt
How to display the info of ZFS volume:
In our example, a disk was recently replaced and it is being resilvered.
[root@sun] ~# zpool status -v
pool: DataPool0
state: ONLINE
status: One or more devices is currently being resilvered. The pool will
continue to function, possibly in a degraded state.
action: Wait for the resilver to complete.
scan: resilver in progress since Tue Jul 15 22:55:50 2014
96.7G scanned out of 158G at 61.6M/s, 0h16m to go
96.7G resilvered, 61.23% done
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
DataPool0 ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
gptid/45fa284a-0c62-11e4-88ee-080027f558f6 ONLINE 0 0 0 (resilvering)
gptid/884e2d6d-0a8a-11e4-8d94-080027f558f6 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errorsHow to put online a disk in ZFS pool:
[root@sun] ~# zpool online DataPool0 gptid/8805578c-0a8a-11e4-8d94-080027f558f6
How to replace a disk in ZFS pool:
[root@sun] ~# zpool replace DataPool0 gptid/854ddc51-0c5f-11e4-88ee-080027f558f6
How to check the disk partitions:
[root@sun] ~# gpart show
=> 63 4194241 ada0 MBR (2.0G)
63 1930257 1 freebsd [active] (942M)
1930320 63 - free - (31k)
1930383 1930257 2 freebsd (942M)
3860640 3024 3 freebsd (1.5M)
3863664 41328 4 freebsd (20M)
3904992 289312 - free - (141M)
=> 0 1930257 ada0s1 BSD (942M)
0 16 - free - (8.0k)
16 1930241 1 !0 (942M)
=> 34 1953525101 da1 GPT (931G)
34 94 - free - (47k)
128 4194304 1 freebsd-swap (2.0G)
4194432 1949330696 2 freebsd-zfs (929G)
1953525128 7 - free - (3.5k)
=> 34 1953525101 da0 GPT (931G)
34 94 - free - (47k)
128 4194304 1 freebsd-swap (2.0G)
4194432 1949330696 2 freebsd-zfs (929G)
1953525128 7 - free - (3.5k)How to check the disk labels:
[root@sun] ~# glabel status
Name Status Components
ufs/FreeNASs3 N/A ada0s3
ufs/FreeNASs4 N/A ada0s4
ufs/FreeNASs1a N/A ada0s1a
gptid/884e2d6d-0a8a-11e4-8d94-080027f558f6 N/A da1p2
gptid/85433ef4-0c5f-11e4-88ee-080027f558f6 N/A da0p1
gptid/854ddc51-0c5f-11e4-88ee-080027f558f6 N/A da0p2How to list the ISCSI LUNs and their information:
[root@sun] ~# istgt istgt version 0.5 (20121028) normal mode using kqueue using host atomic LU2 HDD UNIT LU2: LUN0 file=/mnt/DataPool0/virtuals/webcache, size=32212254720 LU2: LUN0 62914560 blocks, 512 bytes/block LU2: LUN0 30.0GB storage for iqn.2014-07.ro.gz.sun:webcache LU2: LUN0 serial 080027f558f6010 LU2: LUN0 read cache enabled, write cache enabled LU2: LUN0 command queuing enabled, depth 32 LU3 HDD UNIT LU3: LUN0 file=/mnt/DataPool0/swaps/pluto, size=1073741824 LU3: LUN0 2097152 blocks, 512 bytes/block LU3: LUN0 1.0GB storage for iqn.2014-07.ro.gz.sun:swap-pluto LU3: LUN0 serial 080027f558f6020 LU3: LUN0 read cache enabled, write cache enabled LU3: LUN0 command queuing enabled, depth 32 LU4 HDD UNIT LU4: LUN0 file=/mnt/DataPool0/swaps/venus, size=2147483648 LU4: LUN0 4194304 blocks, 512 bytes/block LU4: LUN0 2.0GB storage for iqn.2014-07.ro.gz.sun:swap-venus LU4: LUN0 serial 080027f558f6030 LU4: LUN0 read cache enabled, write cache enabled LU4: LUN0 command queuing enabled, depth 32 LU5 HDD UNIT LU5: LUN0 file=/mnt/DataPool0/virtuals/backups, size=375809638400 LU5: LUN0 734003200 blocks, 512 bytes/block LU5: LUN0 350.0GB storage for iqn.2014-07.ro.gz.sun:backups-file LU5: LUN0 serial 080027f558f6040 LU5: LUN0 read cache enabled, write cache enabled LU5: LUN0 command queuing enabled, depth 32
If you want to add ssh key, remember that root filesystem is mounted read-only. You will have to remount it read-write before:
1. Remount root fs read-write: [root@sun] ~/.ssh# mount -o rw /
2. Edit authorized_keys file: [root@sun] ~/.ssh# nano authorized_keys
3. Remount root fs read-only: [root@sun] ~/.ssh# mount -o ro /
How to correct the timezone in FreeNAS via console:
1. Mount / read-write:
[root@sun] ~# mount -o rw / [root@sun] ~# mount | grep FreeNASs1a /dev/ufs/FreeNASs1a on / (ufs, local, soft-updates)
2. Change the time zone:
[root@sun] ~# date Wed Jul 16 07:03:49 PDT 2014 [root@sun] ~# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Vienna /etc/localtime [root@sun] ~# date Wed Jul 16 16:06:44 CEST 201
If time is not accurate, you can change it as follows:
[root@sun] ~# date 1407201652 Sun Jul 20 16:52:00 CEST 2014
If you want to set up the time via NTP, do the following:
[root@sun] ~# date Mon Jul 21 11:35:54 CEST 2014 [root@sun] ~# service ntpd stop Stopping ntpd. Waiting for PIDS: 77873. [root@sun] ~# ntpdate 192.168.11.1 21 Jul 16:42:11 ntpdate[80176]: step time server 192.168.11.1 offset 18263.080345 sec [root@sun] ~# service ntpd start Starting ntpd. [root@sun] ~# date Mon Jul 21 16:42:17 CEST 2014
3. Mount back / as read-only:
[root@sun] ~# mount -o ro / [root@sun] ~# mount | grep FreeNASs1a /dev/ufs/FreeNASs1a on / (ufs, local, read-only)
How to mount cdrom in FreeNas:
[root@sun] ~# mkdir /mnt/cdrom [root@sun] ~# ls -la /dev/cd0 crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x53 Jul 16 15:57 /dev/cd0 [root@sun] ~# mount /dev/cd0 /mnt/cdrom mount: /dev/cd0: Invalid argument [root@sun] ~# ls -la /dev/iso9660/ total 1 dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jul 21 20:24 ./ dr-xr-xr-x 28 root wheel 512 Jul 16 15:57 ../ crw-r----- 1 root operator 0x7e Jul 21 20:24 VBOXADDITIONS_4.3.14_95030 [root@sun] ~# mount -t cd9660 /dev/iso9660/VBOXADDITIONS_4.3.14_95030 /mnt/cdrom/ [root@sun] ~# df /mnt/cdrom/ Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/iso9660/VBOXADDITIONS_4.3.14_95030 64398 64398 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
How to list zfs partitions:
[root@sun] ~# zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT DataPool0 268G 646G 192K /mnt/DataPool0 DataPool0/.system 11.7M 646G 176K /mnt/DataPool0/.system DataPool0/.system/cores 5.23M 646G 5.23M /mnt/DataPool0/.system/cores DataPool0/.system/rrd 5.61M 646G 5.61M /mnt/DataPool0/.system/rrd DataPool0/.system/samba4 216K 646G 216K /mnt/DataPool0/.system/samba4 DataPool0/.system/syslog 520K 646G 520K /mnt/DataPool0/.system/syslog DataPool0/osxTM 20G 11.2G 8.83G /mnt/DataPool0/osxTM DataPool0/squid 9.80G 20.2G 9.80G /mnt/DataPool0/squid DataPool0/swaps 846M 4.17G 846M /mnt/DataPool0/swaps DataPool0/virtuals 178G 122G 178G /mnt/DataPool0/virtuals DataPool0/www 58.9G 21.1G 58.9G /mnt/DataPool0/www
How to show pool-wide I/O statistics:
02:05:05 root@minivm:~# zpool iostat
capacity operations bandwidth
pool alloc free read write read write
----------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
mdbkp 761G 255G 0 0 11 32
plex 3.10T 534G 0 0 1.75K 5.93K
timemachine 2.93T 715G 0 0 28 62
tm 3.33T 306G 81 196 40.7M 43.1M
----------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----How to show virtual devices I/O statistics:
02:05:01 root@minivm:~# zpool iostat -v
capacity operations bandwidth
pool alloc free read write read write
-------------------------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
mdbkp 761G 255G 0 0 11 32
sdd1 761G 255G 0 0 11 32
-------------------------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
plex 3.10T 534G 0 0 1.95K 6.60K
sdh1 3.10T 534G 0 0 1.95K 6.60K
-------------------------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
timemachine 2.93T 715G 0 0 28 62
sde1 2.93T 715G 0 0 28 62
-------------------------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
tm 3.33T 306G 81 196 40.7M 43.1M
mirror 3.33T 306G 81 196 40.7M 43.1M
sdi1 - - 77 25 40.2M 2.38M
replacing - - 4 170 496K 40.8M
15866860730596997993 - - 0 0 0 0
sdg1 - - 4 170 496K 40.8M
-------------------------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----